Proceedings Series on Health & Medical Sciences
The Proceedings Series on Health & Medical Sciences aims to publish proceedings from conferences on the scope health and medical sciences. Read full Aims & Scope Indexed: Google Scholar, Crossref, Garuda, Dimensions, Copernicus ISSN: 2808-1021
The Effect of Health Counseling Using Leaflet Media on The Level of Knowledge about Menstrual Personal Hygiene at Junior High School (JHS) Bustanul Ulum Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Brebes
World Health Organization (WHO) data shows that Reproductive Tract Infections (RTIs) are most prevalent among adolescents (35%–42%) and young adults (27%–33%), with high rates of Candidiasis (25–50%), Bacterial Vaginosis (20–40%), and Trichomoniasis (5–15%). Furthermore, 75% of women globally have experienced vaginal discharge. In 2012, among 43.3 million Indonesian girls aged 10–14, poor hygiene behavior was common. Personal hygiene practices are essential for adolescent reproductive health. One way to improve knowledge is through printed media such as leaflets. To analyse the effect of leaflet-based health education on menstrual hygiene knowledge at Junior High School (JHS) Bustanul Ulum Nahdlatul Ulama (NU) Brebes. This pre-experimental study used a one-group pre-test–post-test design, with 180 purposively selected respondents from a population of 273 students. The instruments used were leaflets and a menstrual personal hygiene knowledge questionnaire. Data were analysed using the Wilcoxon test with a 95% significance level.There was a significant effect of health education using leaflet media on students’ knowledge about menstrual personal hygiene, with a p-value of 0.001 (<0.05). Health education using leaflet media effectively increases students’ knowledge about menstrual personal hygiene at JHS Bustanul Ulum NU Brebes.
Copyright (c) 2025 Proceedings Series on Health & Medical Sciences https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
An Overview of Knowledge and Readiness for Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) Test Among Family Welfare Movement (PKK) Members in Lemberang Village, Banyumas Regency
Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women, particularly in developing countries such as Indonesia. Early detection through the Visual Inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA) test serves as a crucial preventive measure. However, the low participation of women of reproductive age in VIA screening, including in Lemberang Village, indicates the need to assess the community’s knowledge and readiness. This study aimed to describe the level of knowledge and readiness of Family Welfare Movement (PKK) members in Lemberang Village regarding the VIA test. A descriptive quantitative design employing a survey method was adopted. The sample consisted of 30 PKK members selected through total sampling. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire and analyzed using frequency distribution. The majority of respondents were aged 3050 years (73.3%), had completed senior high school (66.7%), and were unemployed (70%). Knowledge of the VIA test was categorized as moderate (53.3%), while readiness for VIA test implementation was predominantly high (66.7%). Most PKK members in Lemberang Village demonstrate moderate knowledge and high readiness toward the implementation of the VIA test. Enhanced health education and social support are essential to strengthen attitudes and encourage greater participation in cervical cancer screening.
Nutritional Status of Children in Cabanatuan City: An Assessment Study
This study assessed the nutritional status of children aged 0–59 months in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, using anthropometric indicators based on World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards. Employing a descriptive cross-sectional research design, data were gathered from a total of 9,068 children selected through random sampling. The findings revealed that while the majority of children exhibited normal weight-for-age (44.40%–50.37%), height-for-age (39.69%–49.41%), and weight-for-length/height (22.00%–24.00%), a proportion still suffered from undernutrition, including underweight (0.61%–1.68%), stunting (1.20%–2.47%), and wasting (0.35%–1.57%). Additionally, early signs of overnutrition were detected, with overweight and obesity rates ranging from 0.37% to 3.83% and 0.41% to 1.82%, respectively. These trends highlight the growing “double burden of malnutrition” in urban settings, where both under- and overnutrition coexist. The results underscore the importance of strengthening nutrition-specific and nutrition-sensitive programs, including maternal education, early child feeding practices, and regular growth monitoring. The study calls for integrated, community-based interventions and policy responses that address both nutritional deficits and the rising incidence of childhood obesity, to ensure optimal growth and development in the pediatric population of Cabanatuan City.
Nurses’ Attitudes Toward End-of-Life Care: A Cross-Sectional Study
End-of-life care is an important aspect of holistic nursing care. As a frontliner, nurses play a significant role in end-of-life care delivery and their attitudes influence the quality of care provided to end-of-life patients and families. This study aims to assess nurses’ attitudes toward end-of-life care and examine the relationship between demographic characteristics with nurses’ attitudes. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among registered nurses at a public hospital in Malaysia. Using a simple random sampling, 223 nurses were recruited. Data were collected via an online form using the Frommelt Attitudes Toward Care of The Dying Scale (FATCOD). Descriptive statistics were used to assess demographic characteristics and attitude scores, meanwhile independent t-tests was used to examine group differences. Majority of nurses (89.24%) had a fair attitude, 7.62% showed a positive attitude and 3.14% had negative attitude. Among the six subscales, “Family as Caring” subscale recorded the highest mean score (M = 4.39, SD = 0.65), followed by “The Care of the Family” subscale (M = 4.12, SD = 0.69). Meanwhile the lower scores were observed in “Communication” subscale (M = 3.13, SD = 0.49) and “Fear/Malaise” subscale (M = 3.29, SD = 0.59). A statistically significant difference was found between years of working experience with total attitude scores (p = 0.04). Nurses demonstrated positive attitudes toward family-related care for end-of-life patients. However, emotional and communication challenges may compromise holistic care. Educational effort should prioritize communication skills and emotional resilience to enhance compassionate end-of-life care for patients and families.
Insights of TB-DOTS Nurses on the Barriers Adherence among TB-Patients in Cabanatuan City: A Qualitative Study
The Philippines ranks fourth globally in TB incidence, making complete treatment adherence crucial to combat the disease (Flores, 2025). Non-adherence leads to more severe, drug-resistant, and costly infections, making the fight against TB even harder (Tirore et al., 2024). To explore factors influencing adherence, a qualitative descriptive study was conducted in Cabanatuan City, Nueva Ecija, Philippines. The study used a semi-structured interview among eight TB-DOTS nurses purposively sampled from healthcare facilities. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis (Braun and Clarke), which consists of six-phase approach. To ensure trustworthiness of the study, data were triangulated by cross-referencing all participants to identify consistent patterns. In addition, an audit trail was maintained, and peer debriefing was conducted to validate the interpretation of the themes with a senior researcher. In addition, participants provided informed consent prior to the interview. Findings revealed three overarching major themes. (1) Hidden Hurdles of TB Treatment. It refers to barriers to adherence to medication. (2) Beyond Pills: Empowering TB Patients highlighted the positive impact of a robust support system. (3) The Patient's Drive: Inner Strength & Flexible Care. It illuminates patient self-efficacy and adaptive support from healthcare providers. The study concludes that improving TB treatment adherence requires a comprehensive, human-centered strategy that directly addresses these "hidden hurdles" and leverages patients' intrinsic motivation through empowering, personalized, and flexible care. The study has a significant impact to the public health. A human-centered approach is uniquely effective in helping TB Patients. Future interventions, such as financial assistance and social support programs, aims to reduce the identified barriers, and ultimately aiming for a TB-free community.
Health is a cornerstone of sustainable development, particularly in underserved communities facing inadequate access to essential health services. In response, the NEUST College of Nursing initiated Project ALoHA—community-based extension programs aimed at empowering communities through accessible health initiatives. This study undertakes an impact assessment of Project ALoHA to identify the positive and negative changes brought about by the programs. Using purposive sampling, researchers conducted one-on-one interviews with 15 participants from the community. Thematic analysis of the data revealed that the well-structured programs facilitated direct collaboration between residents and facilitators, enhancing community engagement and health awareness. Participants reported significant improvements in health-seeking behaviors and a sense of empowerment, emphasizing the need for the continuation and expansion of these programs. Gratitude expressed by participants highlighted the tangible benefits experienced at both individual and community levels. Overall, the findings underscore the importance of structured impact assessments in public health initiatives and provide evidence for the effectiveness and sustainability of community health interventions.
A stroke attack has both physical and psychological impacts on sufferers. Resilience in stroke survivors refers to an individual's ability to recover and adapt after experiencing a stroke, both physically, psychologically, and socially. This study aims to identify the level of resilience of stroke survivors. The number of samples in this study was 44 respondents taken using the Purposive Sampling technique. This is a descriptive study. The research tool used the Connor Davidson Resilience Scale-25 (CD-RISC-25). The results showed that the mean resilience score was 95.11 (SD 5.487), indicating high resilience. The level of resilience in stroke survivors shows above-average results. Some implications for healthcare providers or clinical practice are integrating psychological and social support into rehabilitation, empowering survivors to build self-efficacy and adaptive coping, and family and caregiver inclusion with long-term continuity of care.
Role of Early Initiation of Breastfeeding and Nutritional Counseling on Exclusive Breastfeeding in Indonesia
Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) for the first six months of life is essential for infant health, growth and development, yet its coverage remains low in Indonesia. The study aimed to assess exclusive breastfeeding practices in Indonesia and examine the association of early initiation of breastfeeding and other antenatal care service (ANC) with EBF in Indonesian. This cross-sectional study analyzed secondary data from the 2022 Indonesia National Nutrition Survey. Data of 3,718 infants aged 6 months from 33 provinces on breastfeeding practice were extracted. Multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with EBF, presenting Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR), 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI) and spatial distribution was mapped using QGIS. The results revealed that only 45.70%. History of early breastfeeding (AOR=1.60; 95% CI: 1.40-1.83), received nutrition counseling (AOR=1.21; 95% CI: 1.06-1.38) and infants with normal or higher birth weight (?2,500 grams) were more likely to be exclusively breastfed (AOR=1.68; 95% CI: 1.27-2.21). Employment of mothers also showed significant associations with EBF practices (AOR=1.20; 95% CI: 1.04-1.37). Less than half of infants received exclusive breastfeeding. Early breastfeeding and nutrition counseling improved EBF, especially among employed mothers. Emphasis on those factors during ANC is needed, particularly in low EBF coverage provinces.
Utilization of Olive Oil as a Breast Care Medium to Support Breast Milk Flow for Mrs. N
Low breast milk production is a major problem often experienced by new mothers, in addition to issues such as inverted or flat nipples, breast engorgement, babies refusing to breastfeed due to improper techniques, or infants with tongue-tie conditions. However, the most frequently reported issue is poor milk flow. A lack of awareness regarding proper breast care significantly contributes to this problem, resulting in suboptimal milk production. To overcome this, consistent breast care is necessary. One possible intervention is the use of olive oil as a medium to facilitate breast care. Objective: To determine the effect of breast care using olive oil on postpartum mothers. Research Method: This paper used a case study approach with a descriptive method and explanatory analysis techniques to determine the cause-and-effect relationship of breast care using olive oil. Various data collection techniques were employed, including observation, interviews, and documentation, involving Mrs. N, a 27-year-old postpartum mother on the 7th day after delivery, residing in Pasinggangan Village, Banyumas Regency. The intervention consisted of daily breast care using olive oil, applied once per day. The results showed an improvement in milk flow after the intervention. Based on these findings, routine breast care using olive oil can be considered a supportive method to enhance breast milk production in postpartum mothers.
The Impact of Shocking Diagnoses and Limited Support: A Qualitative Study in HIV Patients
An HIV diagnosis often leads to significant psychological distress, including social stigma and emotional impact, which affect family support. This situation can trigger self-harm behaviors as maladaptive coping mechanisms. This study aims to explore the emotional experiences of individuals diagnosed with HIV, as well as the impact of limited family support on their psychological well-being and the coping mechanisms they employ. The research adopts a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through in-depth interviews with five HIV/AIDS participants at Yayasan Sehat Peduli Kasih, Banyumas. Data analysis was conducted inductively to identify key themes, such as the lack of family support and self-harm behaviors. The study found that family support varied significantly among participants. Some received emotional and practical support from family members, while others faced stigma and rejection. Self-harm behaviors, such as self-injury, were carried out by participants as a response to the emotional pressure of an HIV diagnosis and the lack of family support. Emotional distress following an HIV diagnosis is often exacerbated by insufficient family support, leading to self-harming behaviors. Concrete and collaborative efforts are required to establish and strengthen family support through targeted health education, counseling, and peer-group initiatives. Furthermore, stigma reduction programs at both family and community levels are essential to foster acceptance, enhance psychological resilience, and improve treatment adherence among people living with HIV/AIDS.
The Effect of Dental Board Games Media on Children’s Knowledge and Skills in Teeth Brushing
The results from the Indonesian Health Survey in 2023 showed that the prevalence of people experiencing dental health problems is 46.70%, including children’s aged 5-10 years. Increasing knowledge and skills on how to brushing teeth can be done through education using game media. Data on dental problems at Puskesmas Belik states that there are 138 (90%) kids at grade 4 SD & MI children across Desa Badak who require more intensive dental care. This study used a pre-experimental design with pre-test and post-test groups. The pre-test was conducted before the brushing teeth education and the post-test was conducted seven days after the education. The sample in this study was 42 respondents aged 9-11 years at SDN 3 Badak. Data were collected using questionnaires and observation sheets. Children's knowledge increased from an average of 7,90 to 10,00 (p = 0.000), as did skills increased from 7,14 to 17,00 (p = 0.000). There is an influence of dental board games media on children's knowledge and skills in brushing their teeth (p = 0.000). Education about teeth brushing techniques using dental board games media prove that it can increasing knowledge and skills among children’s.
The Development of Instant Nesting Bed for Low Birth Weight Infants
Low Birth Weight (LBW) infants are those born weighing less than 2,500 grams, regardless of gestational age. LBW infants often experience hypothermia and sleep disturbances due to difficulty adapting. Nesting is a practice aimed at providing warmth and comfort. However, conventional nesting methods often result in reduced quality due to inefficiency, improper sizing, instability, and inability to fully envelop the infant's body. The development of Instant Nesting Bed aims to enhance the efficiency and quality of nesting practices by addressing common issues found in conventional nesting techniques. The study employed a Research and Development (RD) methodology, consist 5 steps, problem analyze, product development, expert validity, product revision and final product, product testing. The innovation process resulted in an efficient nesting design that is adjustable in size, fully encloses the infant's body, is structurally robust, and maintains its shape. The nesting device can be used both inside and outside incubators with additional warming features. It also includes fixation mechanisms to minimize uncoordinated infant movements. Validity testing by health experts, health academics, and perinatology nurses confirmed that the Instant Nesting Bed is feasible for use. Based on the testing results, the Instant Nesting Bed improves the efficiency and quality of nesting for LBW infants. However, the innovation has certain limitations, such as short-lasting warming features, testing restricted to infants without medical aids, and no evaluation of its overall impact on nursing care practices for nesting.
An Overview of Elderly Independence Levels in Meeting Activities of Daily Living (ADL) and Cognitive Function at Group Home Teresaen Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan
Elderly individuals undergo biological, physical, mental, and social changes due to aging, which affect all aspects of their lives, including health. Physical changes in the elderly significantly impact their level of independence. Cognitive decline in the elderly includes disorientation in time and place, perception, thinking, and difficulties in accepting new ideas. This study aims to describe the independence levels of elderly individuals in meeting activities of daily living (ADL) and their cognitive function at Group Home Teresaen Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan. The research employs a descriptive quantitative. The population consists of all 16 elderly residents of Group Home Teresaen Fujisaki, Aomori, Japan, selected using a total sampling technique. The research instruments include the Barthel Index to measure levels of independence and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) to assess cognitive function. The findings reveal that the majority of respondents fall within the "old" age category (7590 years), accounting for 68.8%. Female respondents dominate the population, representing 81.3%. In terms of educational background, most respondents had completed junior high school (50.0%). The majority of respondents (43.8%) have hypertension as a comorbid condition. Regarding independence levels, 31.3% of the elderly are categorized as heavily dependent. For cognitive function, 43.8% exhibited moderate cognitive impairment.
An Overview of Maternal Knowledge on Nutritional Adequacy for Toddlers at Posyandu Cempaka 7, Cindaga Village, Kebasen Sub-District
In November 2024, Cindaga Village recorded 116 out of 754 toddlers as having inadequate nutritional intake, with the highest number located in Posyandu Cempaka 7. 15 out of 76 toddlers who attended the posyandu were identified as being at risk of or severely undernourished. Interviews with seven mothers revealed that five lacked knowledge regarding toddler nutritional adequacy, and most families reported income limited to daily needs. These findings prompted an investigation into maternal knowledge about toddler nutrition in the area. This study aimed to describe the level of maternal knowledge regarding nutritional adequacy for toddlers at Posyandu Cempaka 7, Cindaga Village, Kebasen Subdistrict, Banyumas Regency. A descriptive research design was employed, involving 83 mothers of toddlers as respondents at Posyandu Cempaka 7. The study revealed that 42.2% of mothers possessed good knowledge regarding toddler nutrition, 36.1% demonstrated moderate knowledge, and 21.7% showed limited understanding. These results indicate the need for enhanced nutrition education, particularly for mothers with moderate and low knowledge levels.
An Overview of Pregnant Women's Knowledge Level Regarding The Prevention of Preeclampsia at Puskesmas 1 Kembaran
Background: Approximately 75% of maternal deaths are caused by various pregnancy-related complications, including preeclampsia. Preeclampsia is characterized by blood pressure levels of 140/90 mmHg accompanied by proteinuria and can lead to serious complications such as maternal death, prematurity, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and fetal death. Its prevention largely depends on the knowledge of pregnant women regarding risk factors, signs and symptoms, and preventive measures. Objective: To describe the level of knowledge among pregnant women about the prevention of preeclampsia at Puskesmas (Community Healthcare Center) 1 Kembaran. Method: This study used a descriptive quantitative design involving 83 pregnant women selected through consecutive sampling. The instrument used was a 15-item questionnaire using the Guttman scale (true/false). Univariate data analysis was presented in the form of frequency and percentage distributions. Results: The findings showed that the majority of pregnant women had a good level of knowledge (53.0%), followed by a moderate level (39.8%), and a low level of knowledge (7.2%). Conclusion: Most respondents demonstrated a good level of knowledge regarding preeclampsia prevention, which is expected to contribute to reducing the risk of pregnancy complications.
Barriers and Facilitators to HIV Service Access and Treatment Adherence Among Women Living with HIV in Nueva Ecija: A Mixed-Methods Study
This mixed-methods study explored the barriers and facilitators influencing access to HIV services and treatment adherence among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in Nueva Ecija. The study integrated quantitative data from 100 survey respondents and qualitative insights from 7 in-depth interviews to provide a comprehensive understanding of logistical, systemic, and psychosocial challenges in antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence. Quantitative results showed that transportation and healthcare costs were the most significant barriers, with 68.3% of respondents reporting difficulty affording transport to clinics (M = 4.27, SD = 0.84) and over 55% citing financial strain in paying for HIV services. Service availability was also a concern, with long wait times (M = 3.64, SD = 1.11) and inconvenient hours (M = 3.34, SD = 1.22) limiting access. Fears of stigma and breaches of confidentiality further discouraged consistent care, with 53.2% worried about being recognized at healthcare facilities (M = 3.79, SD = 1.10). Despite these challenges, self-efficacy scores were notably high. Respondents expressed strong confidence in remembering to take medication (M = 4.42), following treatment plans (M = 4.27), and managing adherence even under stress (M = 4.08). However, social support remained a moderate concern (M = 3.77), underscoring the emotional and relational dimension of adherence. Qualitative findings reinforced these patterns, revealing themes such as transportation hardship, scheduling conflicts, emotional burden, stigma, and the need for supportive, nonjudgmental care. Participants highlighted the absence of nearby clinics, fear of disclosure, and discrimination from healthcare staff as major deterrents. At the same time, many were motivated by their roles as mothers, partners, and believers, emphasizing a deep personal commitment to treatment. Suggestions included expanding peer support groups, enhancing privacy protections, and training healthcare workers in empathy and confidentiality. Overall, the study identifies key structural and psychosocial barriers while recognizing the resilience of WLHIV. It calls for integrated interventions—including logistical support, stigma reduction, and community-based care models—to strengthen ART adherence and health equity in the region.
Leadership Perspectives on Nurse Retention: A Phenomenological Study of Workforce Sustainability in Private Hospitals of Nueva Ecija
The healthcare sector in the Philippines faces a severe nursing shortage, intensified by high turnover rates—particularly in private hospitals in Nueva Ecija. This qualitative phenomenological research investigates strategies for retaining nurses by delving into the experiences of nurse supervisors and chief nurses within these institutions. Through purposive sampling and in-depth interviews, the study investigates factors influencing staff nurses’ decisions to stay leave, focusing on job satisfaction, burnout, and leadership practices. Findings highlight that nurse retention is shaped by generational differences, financial constraints, and workplace conditions. While many nurses remain committed to their profession, issues such as inadequate compensation, limited advancement opportunities and burnout hinder retention. Effective solutions must be comprehensive, combining competitive pay, structured mentorship, manageable workloads, and inclusive leadership. The study underscores the importance of cultivating supportive work environments, enhancing recognition, and involving nurses in policy development to boost morale and commitment. Recommendations include developing onboarding programs tailored to generational needs, institutionalizing mentorship, improving compensation packages, ensuring adequate staffing and resources, strengthening feedback mechanisms, and promoting continuous professional development. By focusing on nursing leaders’ perspectives, this research addresses a notable gap in the literature concerning private hospitals in Nueva Ecija. The insights generated aim to inform evidence-based strategies to reduce nurse turnover, stabilize the workforce, and improve healthcare delivery in the region. Ultimately, the study calls for systemic reforms and responsive leadership as essential steps toward sustaining the nursing workforce amid ongoing challenges.
Perceived Work Climate and Work Engagement Among Nurses in Hospitals in Nueva Ecija
Introduction:Nurses are central to quality healthcare, yet high-pressure hospital settings may hinder their engagement. Work engagement—defined by vigor, dedication, and absorption—is key to sustaining performance and well-being. This study, grounded in the Job DemandsResources (JD-R) Model, investigated the relationship between perceived work climate and work engagement among nurses in public hospitals in Nueva Ecija, Philippines. Methodology:A descriptive-correlational design was used with 120 registered nurses selected through stratified sampling from three public hospitals: Eduardo L. Joson Memorial Hospital, MV Gallego Cabanatuan City General Hospital, and San Jose City General Hospital. Data were gathered using two open-access, standardized instruments: the Areas of Worklife Scale (AWS) developed by Leiter & Maslach (Cronbach’s ? = 0.91), and the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale – 9 (UWES-9) by Schaufeli et al. (Cronbach’s ? = 0.93). Both tools were adopted with permission for academic research. Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS v25, including descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and significance testing. Results:Nurses reported a very high level of work engagement (WM = 4.34), with Dedication being the strongest dimension (WM = 4.41). The highest-rated work climate domain was Community (WM = 4.31), reflecting strong peer support. No significant differences were found in engagement or work climate by age, sex, or civil status. A strong positive correlation was observed between work climate and engagement (r = 0.78, p < 0.01). Conclusions:Supportive work environments—especially strong community relationships—boost engagement, validating the JD-R Model’s emphasis on job resources. These findings highlight the need for interventions that promote positive work climates to enhance nurse motivation and retention.
Assessment of Informal Caregivers’ Services in Primary Health Care for Geriatric Patients in Cabanatuan City
This study aimed to assess the services provided by informal caregivers in delivering primary health care to geriatric patients in Cabanatuan City. Specifically, it described the level of knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of informal caregivers—relatives or friends—who offer unpaid or paid care to individuals aged 60 and above. Utilizing a quantitative-descriptive research design, the study surveyed 50 informal caregivers from Barangay Campo Tinio. A validated questionnaire measured the caregivers’ KAP levels. Findings revealed that caregivers possess a moderate level of knowledge regarding primary health care for the elderly. Attitudes were generally positive, indicating willingness and compassion in caregiving responsibilities. However, practices varied, with notable gaps in areas such as medication management and emergency response. The results underscore the need for targeted training and support programs to improve caregivers’ competence and ensure safer, more effective geriatric care at the household level. This study contributes to policy development and community health planning by highlighting the crucial role of informal caregivers in the health system and the importance of equipping them with adequate knowledge and skills to care for the aging population.
The Effectiveness of Providing Pineapple Core Gel (Ananas Comosus (L.) Merr) on Burns Healing Degree II in White Rats (Rattus Novergicus)
Pineapple core can be an alternative in accelerating wound healing. Pineapple contains a proteolytic enzyme of bromelain, predominantly located in the pineapple core (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr). It has anti-inflammatory properties needed in the wound healing process, accelerates the inflammatory phase of the wound, and hopefully will accelerate it during the proliferative phase. The study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of pineapple core gel in recovering second-degree burns. This research formulated pineapple core as a moisturizer in gel preparations. The research methods employed an experimental study of pre-posttest with a control group design. They utilized 25 laboratory white mice (Rattus Novergicus) divided into five groups (each group 5 mice). The sample consisted of 5 treatment groups, namely group I (10% concentration), group II (20% concentration), group III (30% concentration), group IV (bioplacenton/positive control) and group V (negative control). The research obtained gel stability test of group I (viscosity 2.55 poise, pH 5.25, spreadability 5, comogen and gel dosage form), group II (viscosity 2.75 poise, pH 5.4, spreadability 5, comogen and shape gel preparation), group III (viscosity 2.8 poise, pH 5.2, spreadability 5, comogen and gel dosage form). In conclusion, group III (30% concentration) had more significant burn healing and a more stable stability test against storage than other groups.
The Correlation Between Compliance with Iron Supplement Tablet Consumption and Anemia Among Pregnant Women at Puskesmas Kalibagor
Anemia remains one of the leading causes of maternal mortality in 2023. One of the strategies implemented to reduce maternal mortality is the provision of iron supplement tablets to prevent anemia during pregnancy, which is associated with increased risks of preterm birth, maternal and neonatal death, and susceptibility to infections. The purpose of this study to examine the relationship between compliance with iron supplement tablet consumption and the incidence of anemia in pregnant women at Puskesmas (Community Healthcare Center) Kalibagor. Methods:This study employed a quantitative approach using a cross-sectional design. Data collection was conducted through interviews using structured questionnaires with third-trimester pregnant women. The majority of respondents were of low-risk maternal age, nulliparous, not experiencing chronic energy deficiency (CED), had a moderate level of education, were compliant with iron tablet consumption, and were not anemic. Bivariate analysis of the correlation between compliance and anemia incidence among 36 third-trimester pregnant women yielded a p-value of 0.863 and a correlation coefficient (rho) of -0.030. These results indicate no significant correlation between compliance with iron supplement consumption and the incidence of anemia, with a very weak negative correlation, suggesting that lower compliance may be associated with a higher risk of anemia.
The Effect of Health Education Using Menshyc Media on Menstrual Hygiene Knowledge Among Elementary School Girls in Cisaga, Ciamis Regency
Low levels of menstrual hygiene knowledge are commonly found among adolescent girls due to a lack of information and health education. According to Basic Health Research (Riskesdas, 2016), out of 69.4 million adolescents in Indonesia, 63 million exhibit poor personal hygiene practices, particularly in maintaining reproductive health during menstruation. This study aims to analyze the difference in menstrual hygiene knowledge among female students before and after receiving health education using the Menshyc media. This research employed a quantitative approach with a pre-experimental design (one-group pretest-posttest without a control group). The study population consisted of 115 fifth- and sixth-grade female students from public elementary schools in the Cisaga region. A total of 82 respondents were selected using proportionate stratified random sampling. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire and analyzed using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test. Statistical analysis using the Wilcoxon test showed a significant difference in knowledge levels before and after the intervention, with a p-value of 0.001 (p 0.05). There is a statistically significant difference in menstrual hygiene knowledge among fifth-and sixth-grade female students before and after receiving health education using the Menshyc media at public elementary schools in the Cisaga region, Ciamis Regency.
Graduate Tracer Study on Neust Bachelor of Science in Nursing Academic Year 2022-2023
This study is a tracer survey that assessed the employability and professional competence of Bachelor of Science in Nursing (BSN) graduates from the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology (NEUST), General Tinio Campus, Academic Year 2022–2023. Using the USEM model (Understanding, Skills, Efficacy, and Metacognition), the study aimed to determine how effectively the BSN curriculum prepared graduates for work in healthcare. Out of 281 graduates, 132 responded to an online survey. The study used purposive sampling and a structured questionnaire based on the CHED Graduate Tracer Study framework. Results showed that 89.39% of the respondents were employed, and 98.31% of those were in healthcare-related jobs. Among the employed, 94.53% secured work within 6 months of graduation, indicating a quick transition into the workforce. Graduates generally rated themselves as competent in understanding core nursing concepts and performing clinical skills, but scored themselves lowest in leadership and management, pointing to a potential area for curriculum enhancement. This study benefits students by giving insights into career paths, helps the university improve its program based on graduate feedback, and provides valuable data for employers and policymakers in workforce planning. It also highlights the importance of continuous tracer studies and recommends maintaining an updated alumni database, strengthening RLE activities, and improving leadership training to further develop graduate readiness.
Coping Strategies of Parents/Guardians Caring for a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder: a Phenomenological Study
Caring for a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a profound, emotional, and life-altering journey that demands remarkable resilience and adaptability from caregivers. This qualitative phenomenological study explores the lived experiences and coping strategies of ten parents or guardians in Nueva Ecija, Philippines, who care for children aged 2 to 10 years diagnosed with ASD. Through in-depth semi-structured interviews and thematic analysis, the research identified three major themes: Walking on a Tightrope (the emotional and physical burden of caregiving), Designing a New Path (adaptive strategies and adjustments in daily routines), and Building the Bridge: The Way to Resilience (sources of support and personal growth). Participants described challenges such as stigma, fatigue, emotional distress, and identity loss, but also shared stories of hope, inner strength, and strengthened family ties. Coping mechanisms included emotional resilience, support from family and community, spiritual grounding, and adaptive daily routines. Over time, many families reported improved communication, increased emotional endurance, and stronger bonds. The findings highlight the importance of culturally relevant support systems, including access to therapy, family education, caregiver self-care, and educational support services. The study recommends the development of an ASD guidebook, creation of local support networks, and inclusion of mental health workshops for caregivers. These insights aim to inform educators, healthcare providers, and policymakers in designing effective, compassionate, and inclusive interventions for families raising children with ASD.
Basic Life Support Competency Among Residents of River Communities
Basic Life Support (BLS) is a critical intervention in emergency situations, and its effectiveness largely depends on public awareness and competence. This study aimed to assess BLS competency among residents of selected river communities in Cabanatuan City, focusing on their knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) related to BLS. A total of 404 respondents were selected through purposive simple random sampling. Data were gathered using a validated 30-item survey instrument and analyzed using descriptive statistics and Spearman’s rho to identify relationships between demographic variables and KAP scores. Findings indicated that respondents were somewhat knowledgeable about BLS, demonstrated positive attitudes, but showed low levels of practical application Statistical analysis showed weak but significant correlations between educational attainment and both knowledge and attitude, as well as between age and attitude. No significant association was found between demographic variables and practice. The results highlight the need for targeted BLS training across varying age groups and educational attainment. Strengthening BLS competency at the community level may improve responsiveness and survival rates in high-risk areas such as river communities. To support this initiative, a user-friendly Filipino-language mobile app was developed to guide residents step-by-step during emergencies.
Treatment of Grade II Burns With Cashew Leaf Gel (Anacardium Occidentale L)
Burns are wounds touching the object's surface that produce heat (fire, chemicals, electricity, or radiation) or substances that burn in high acids and bases. Cashew leaves (Anacardium occidentale L.) are a plant that contains alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. It potentially becomes a burn wound treatment. The research aimed to determine the effect of administering cashew leaf gel (Anacardium occidentale L.) as an alternative medicine for recovering grade II burns. The type of research employed quantitative experimental with a Post Test Only Control Group Design research design. The object studied was cashew leaf gel (Anacardium occidentale L.) for restorative grade II burns on the back skin of male white mice. There were 27 mice divided into an intervention group by administering cashew fruit gel, positive control with branded ointment, and negative control without treatment. The Shapiro-Wilk normality test data analysis revealed that the data was normally distributed (p>0.05). The General Linear Model test obtained a significance value of 0.00 (sig. < 0.05), In the intervention group the wound healed on the 15th day, positive control with branded ointment 12th day, negative control without treatment 18th day. It indicated an effect of cashew leaf gel on burns. Post-hoc test presented that the three (3) treatment groups had significant differences in the sig results. < 0.005. It inferred an effect of cashew leaf gel (Anacardium occidentale L) on the restorative of grade II burns.
The Effect of Health Education Using Menstruation Magic Spin Wheel on Elementary School Girls' Knowledge about Menarche in Sangkanayu, Purbalingga
Menarche, or the first menstrual period, is a key milestone of puberty in adolescent girls. A lack of knowledge about menarche may lead to anxiety, unpreparedness, and inappropriate personal hygiene practices. Interactive media-based health education has emerged as an effective strategy to enhance understanding among elementary school students. This study aimed to examine the effect of health education using the Menstruation Magic Spin Wheel on the level of knowledge regarding menarche among elementary school girls. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group. The population included all female students from SD Negeri 1 Sangkanayu and SD Negeri 2 Sangkanayu, Mrebet Sub-district, Purbalingga Regency. A total of 68 respondents were divided into an intervention group (n = 34) and a control group (n = 34). Data were analyzed using the Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test. The Wilcoxon test showed a significant increase in knowledge levels in the intervention group before and after receiving health education (p 0.001). In contrast, no significant difference was observed in the control group (p 0.05). Health education using the Menstruation Magic Spin Wheel was effective in increasing elementary school girls knowledge about menarche. Interactive and engaging educational media can serve as a child-friendly alternative for delivering health education.
Knowledge and Practices on Environmental Health and Safety Among Garbage Collectors in Talavera, Nueva Ecija
Municipal solid waste handlers play an essential role in keeping urban areas clean and sanitary. However, due to the nature of their work, they are often exposed to various hazards, health concerns, and potential accidents caused by direct contact with waste materials, harmful emissions, and improper use of equipment. This study aimed to assess the knowledge and practices of garbage collectors regarding environmental health and safety, as well as to identify factors that hinder the proper implementation of waste management practices. A descriptive-correlational research design was employed, and data were collected through a survey involving 46 municipal solid waste handlers selected using the total sampling method. The questionnaire focused on their awareness and practices related to occupational safety and health hazards. Statistical tools such as mean and correlation tests were utilized to determine relationships between the variables. Findings revealed that most respondents (52.17%) were aged 31–40, while 32.61% had 4–6 years of experience and 21.74% had over 10 years. A majority (65.21%) had attained only elementary education, which may affect their understanding of safety protocols. Alarmingly, 91.30% were unvaccinated against hepatitis B, indicating a lack of preventive health measures. The study concludes that limited education, inadequate training, and insufficient health protection expose waste handlers to serious occupational safety risks.
The Relationship Between Knowledge Level and Illness Perception in Patients with Congestive Heart Failure
Background: One of the factors that can influence the severity of congestive heart failure is how the patient perceives their illness. The level of knowledge about the disease plays an important role in the development of illness perception. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the level of knowledge and illness perception in patients with congestive heart failure at the Cardiology Clinic of Prof. Dr. H. Aloei Saboe General Hospital, Gorontalo City.. Methods: The research method used a cross-sectional design with a quantitative research type. The population in the study consisted of all 392 outpatients with congestive heart failure. The sample was taken using the Purposive Sampling method, with a total of 80 samples. The research instrument used was a questionnaire. Results: The study results found a relationship between the level of knowledge and illness perception in patients with congestive heart failure. The statistical test results using the Chi-Square test showed a p-value of 0.000 (< 0.05). Conclusion: Respondents with a good level of knowledge predominantly exhibited a positive illness perception. This study can contribute to improving knowledge about congestive heart failure.
Optimization of Electronic Medical Records: Challenges, Benefits, and Strategies for More Efficient Healthcare Services
The implementation of Electronic Medical Records (EMR) is a strategic initiative to enhance efficiency and quality in healthcare services by improving patient information management and enabling integrated service delivery. This study aimed to explore the understanding, benefits, challenges, and implementation strategies of EMR in healthcare facilities. Using a qualitative approach, in-depth interviews were conducted with nurses, doctors, and system administrators from December 2024 to February 2025. The findings indicate that EMR facilitates accurate documentation, supports coordination between units, and offers features such as automatic notifications to reduce documentation errors. However, challenges remain, including limited system integration, technical slowdowns, downtime, and insufficient user training and regulatory support. Strengthening technology infrastructure, providing continuous training, establishing supportive policies, and involving users in feature development are essential strategies to optimize EMR use. An integrated and sustainable approach is expected to improve the efficiency and quality of healthcare services.
The Relationship Between Dual Role Conflict and the Performance of Female Nurses in Nursing Services in the Inpatient Wards
Women with dual roles tend to struggle with time management and have limited time between work and family. This inability to divide or balance time between family and work can lead to conflict, specifically family-work conflict as nurses, leading to decreased job performance. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between dual role conflict and the performance of female nurses in inpatient nursing services. This study was quantitative and employed a cross-sectional approach. A total sampling technique was used for the study, with a sample size of 55 respondents. Data collection used a dual role conflict questionnaire and a nurse performance questionnaire. The results showed that the majority of respondents were young adults, aged 26-35 (30 respondents, 54.5%). The majority of respondents had a Bachelor's degree in Nursing (32 respondents, 58.2%). The majority of respondents had 6-10 years of service (29 respondents, 52.7%). The majority of respondents had dual role conflict in the moderate category (33 respondents (60.0%), and the majority of nurses' performance in the high category (29 respondents (52.7%). The results of the study showed a relationship between dual role conflict and the performance of female nurses in nursing services in the inpatient ward with a p-value = 0.000 (p-value < 0.05). There is relationship between dual role conflict and the performance of female nurses in nursing services in inpatient wards.
The Effect of Providing Smart Box Education Si Woody (Simple Wounds Handling) on The Knowledge of School-Age Children
Children aged 6–12 years are particularly prone to minor wounds, which are superficial skin injuries limited to the subcutaneous tissue. If not properly treated, such wounds may lead to complications, making proper wound care knowledge essential. Equipping children with the ability to handle minor injuries is important, and educational strategies such as lectures and multimedia tools can effectively enhance their understanding. This study examined the impact of the Smart Box Si Woody—an educational media tool designed to teach proper wound care—on school-aged children's knowledge. The Smart Box, with its attractive shape, colors, and concept, aims to increase children's engagement and interest in learning. A quasi-experimental design was used, specifically a one-group pretest-posttest model without a control group. A total of 54 participants were selected through purposive sampling. Knowledge was measured using a questionnaire on basic wound care. The results showed that most participants were ten years old (83.3%), with females being the majority (57.4%). The Wilcoxon signed-rank test yielded a p-value of 0.000 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant improvement in knowledge after the intervention. These findings suggest that the Smart Box Si Woody is an effective educational tool for teaching proper wound care to children.
The Impact of Storytelling Hand Puppet Play Therapy on Concentration Levels in Children Diagnosed as ADHD at the Outpatient Department of Surakarta Regional Mental Hospital
Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) commonly exhibit symptoms of inattention and hyperactivity, which may impair their cognitive development, social skills, and learning abilities. One promising non-pharmacological intervention to address concentration deficits in children with ADHD is hand puppet play therapy. This therapy utilizes hand puppets as a medium for storytelling and interactive play, aiming to enhance children's focus and attention in a fun and engaging way. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of storytelling hand puppet play therapy on concentration levels in children with ADHD. This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-test and post-test approach, without the use of a control group. The total sampling technique was used, involving 21 children aged 6–12 years diagnosed with ADHD at the outpatient unit of RSJD Surakarta, consisting of 15 boys (71.4%) and 6 girls (28.6%). The findings indicated a statistically significant improvement in the concentration levels of children with ADHD following the hand puppet play therapy intervention, with a p-value of 0.014. These results suggest that hand puppet play therapy is an effective alternative intervention to improve concentration in children with ADHD. Therefore, the active involvement of parents, teachers, and healthcare professionals in facilitating this therapy is strongly recommended as part of a holistic ADHD management strategy.
Nursing Students' Level of Satisfaction with the Comprehensive Nursing Aptitude Test
Assessment is an important part of nursing education, and the Comprehensive Nursing Aptitude Test (CNAT) is a major tool used to measure students’ understanding of key subjects and their readiness for clinical practice. This study, "Nursing Students' Level of Satisfaction with the Comprehensive Nursing Aptitude Test," looks at how satisfied students are with the CNAT using five SERVQUAL areas: tangibility, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, and empathy. It also examines if satisfaction levels differ based on age, sex, year level, and living situation. The study used a quantitative, descriptive-comparative design and surveyed 229 second- to fourth-year nursing students from NEUST, selected through stratified random sampling. Results showed that students were generally highly satisfied with the CNAT. Among the five areas, reliability got the highest average score (3.56), followed by assurance and empathy. Satisfaction varied by age and year level, with younger and second-year students being more satisfied. These findings show that students’ satisfaction with the CNAT is affected by their age and level in the program. Improving the physical setup of the test (tangibility) and the quickness of help or support (responsiveness) may increase satisfaction. The study supports the creation of a CNAT Guidebook to standardize procedures and improve the quality of the test-taking process. This research contributes to the continuous improvement of nursing assessments and a more supportive academic environment.
Palliative and End of Life Care Competencies Among Nurses in Surgical Transplant Units
Background: Palliative care is an essential part of modern healthcare. As communicable and non-communicable diseases increase and the population ages, the need for palliative care continues to grow. Nurses must therefore have strong competencies in providing this type of care. While palliative care is commonly associated with cancer patients, little research has examined the palliative care skills of nurses working in surgical transplant units. Purpose: This study aims to determine the palliative and end-of-life care competencies among nurses in surgical transplant units. Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional research design is employed. The data is collected from surgical transplant nurses using Microsoft Forms, specifically those related to Health and Social Care, Living Matters, Dying Matters, and the Palliative and End-of-life competency assessment tool, and distributed through the participants’ personal email. Health and Social Care, Living Matters, Dying Matters, and Palliative and End-of-life competency tool. The t-test, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney U test, and Games-Howell post hoc test are utilized to analyze the results. Results: A total of 188 nurses in the surgical transplant unit participated in this study. Most of the participants were female (84.04%), aged 30 to 39 years (68.62 %), held a bachelor’s degree (85.11%), and had over 11 years of experience (77.13%). Notably, 67.02% lacked formal training in palliative and end-of-life care. Competency scores were generally strong, with communication skills (mean=2.65) and symptom management (mean=2.58) rated highest. Competency varied significantly based on age, education, position, and training. The primary challenges include managing family dynamics (72.34 %) and lack of training 14.89%). Conclusion: The participants’ palliative and end-of-life care competency across all measured domains is highly developed. Age, educational attainment, position, and training have a significant impact on nurses’ competence. Family dynamics is identified as the primary challenge in dealing with palliative and end-of-life patients. Training and education are needed to improve staff competence and ensure high-quality palliative care.
Improving Nursing Students’ Satisfaction, Self-Confidence and Academic Outcomes Through Remote Immersive Video
The study determines whether students’ satisfaction, self-confidence and academic performance improved after using a VR Box in the remote immersive video simulation. The content of these videos includes scenarios such as simulated learning scenes of hospital procedures. The research took place at the General Tinio Campus of the Nueva Ecija University of Science and Technology, College of Nursing, and used a quantitative, pre–posttest quasi-experimental design. In one experiment, the researcher measures the academic performance, the pretest mean score garnered 82.37 and the posttest is 86.53 proving that the remote immersive video can greatly affect the academic outcomes of the students. On the other hand, the satisfaction with the current learning from the use of remote immersive video received an overall weighted mean of 3.61 which was verbally described as "strongly agree." While The self-confidence in learning obtained an overall weighted mean of 3.32 which was verbally described also as “strongly agree”. The results clearly showed that incorporating the use of remote immersive video as a teaching tool can enhance students’ academic outcomes, satisfaction, and confidence. Remote Immersive video proved to be highly effective in boosting medical students’ learning competency, satisfaction and confidence. As a result, educators and medical learners may consider immersive video a valuable and innovative method for curriculum delivery.
The Correlation between Breakfast Habits and Learning Concentration Levels with Academic Achievement among Undergraduate Nursing Students of Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto
Academic achievement reflects the success of the learning process and serves as an indicator of educational quality. Various factors may influence academic performance, including breakfast habits and the level of learning concentration. This study aimed to analyze the relationship between breakfast habits and learning concentration with academic achievement among undergraduate nursing students at Universitas Muhammadiyah Purwokerto. This research employed a quantitative analytic observational design with a cross-sectional approach. A total of 89 respondents were selected using stratified random sampling. Data were collected using validated questionnaires and analyzed using chi-square and ordinal logistic regression tests. The results showed a significant relationship between breakfast habits (p = 0.036) and learning concentration (p = 0.001) with academic achievement. Learning concentration was found to be the most dominant factor associated with academic performance, particularly among students in the low (OR = 0.039; p = 0.001) and moderate (OR = 0.213; p = 0.003) concentration categories, with a Nagelkerke pseudo R-square value of 0.367. These findings suggest that enhancing learning concentration can contribute more substantially to students’ academic achievement.
An Investigation into the Use of Traditional Herbal Pilis in the Management of Postpartum Headaches
After childbirth, there is a significant decrease in estrogen levels in a woman’s body. This hormonal fluctuation is known to contribute to the onset of postpartum headaches. Studies have shown that approximately 40% of women experience headaches following delivery. According to the World Health Organization (WHO, 2010), one form of traditional postpartum care still practiced today involves the use of herbal remedies, including both ingestible herbal medicine and topical applications such as pilis. Pilis is a traditional herbal paste applied to the forehead, believed to alleviate headaches and dizziness, reduce blurred vision experienced during labor, restore physical energy, and improve sleep quality. This study aims to examine the use of pilis as part of postpartum care in relieving headaches in a 31-year-old postpartum woman (Mrs. T) residing in Papringan Village, Banyumas. The pilis was applied daily to the forehead throughout the postpartum period, beginning on the first day after childbirth and continuing through the 42th day. The study results showed that mothers felt comfortable and warm, and that the dizziness and headaches caused by fatigue during childbirth were reduced, leading to fewer headaches while caring for their babies. The study concluded that there were positive effects for mothers who used the traditional herbal remedy Pilis during the postpartum period.