Sintesis Graphene Oxide (GO) dari Grafit Limbah Baterai dengan Modifikasi Metode Hummer

Atika Putri Karina; Chandra Wahyu Purnomo; Teguh Ariyanto

doi:10.30595/pspfs.v8i1.2164

Authors

Atika Putri Karina
Chandra Wahyu Purnomo
Teguh Ariyanto

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.30595/pspfs.v8i1.2164

Keywords:

Graphene Oxide, Spent LIBs, Modified Hummer method, Raman spectroscopy, Carbon-based materials

Abstract

Graphene oxide (GO) is a carbon-based material with great potential for gas adsorption applications due its large surface area and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups. This study aims to synthesize GO from spent lithium-ion battery graphite through an enviromentally friendly modification of the Hummer method. The modification involved varying the intercalation media using hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) and their combination to evaluate their effect on the oxidation of potassium permanganate (KMnO₄), heating, and post-reduction with H₂O₂. The structural evolution of graphite and the obtained GO was analyzed using Raman spectroscopy, where the I_D/I_Gratio was used an indicator of defect density. Result revealed that was battery graphite exhibited a higher degree of structural disorder than commercial graphite, with an increase I_D/I_G ratio from 0.12 to 0.32. After oxidation the I_D/I_Gratio increased to 0.33 for GO synthesized with mixed media (H?SO? + H?O?) (GO-mix), 0.94 for GO synthesized with H?SO? (GO-HM), and 1.36 for GO synthesized with H?O? only (GO-PT H₂O₂). The highest ratio observed in GO-PT H?O? indicates the most effective oxidation and the formation of abundant oxygen functional groups without KMnO? degradation. Therefore, using H?O? as a single intercalation agent offers a simple, efficient, and sustainable approach for producing high-quality graphene oxide from waste battery graphite.

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